If a patient on hydrochlorothiazide experiences muscle cramps, what should the nurse advise?

Hydrochlorothiazide is a thiazide diuretic often used to treat hypertension and edema. One of the significant side effects of this medication is the potential for electrolyte imbalances, particularly hypokalemia, or low potassium levels. Muscle cramps are a common symptom associated with low potassium levels in the body.

When a patient experiences muscle cramps while taking hydrochlorothiazide, it is essential to address the potassium levels. Consuming potassium-rich foods can help replenish these levels, alleviate muscle cramps, and ensure that the body's electrolyte balance is restored. Foods high in potassium include bananas, oranges, spinach, and potatoes.

In contrast, increasing protein intake, avoiding potassium-rich foods, or taking magnesium supplements may not effectively address the cramping caused by low potassium levels. While magnesium can also play a role in muscle function, the direct approach to resolving muscle cramps related to hydrochlorothiazide would be to increase potassium intake. Thus, advising the patient to eat potassium-rich foods aligns with best practices for managing the side effects associated with this diuretic.